Chapter 28
Idolatry at
Sinai
[This
chapter is based on Exodus 32 to 34.]
WHILE
Moses was absent it was a time of waiting and suspense to Israel. The
people knew that he had ascended the mount with Joshua, and had entered
the cloud of thick darkness which could be seen from the plain below,
resting on the mountain peak, illuminated from time to time with the
lightnings of the divine Presence. They waited eagerly for his return.
Accustomed as they had been in Egypt to material representations of deity,
it had been hard for them to trust in an invisible being, and they had
come to rely upon Moses to sustain their faith. Now he was taken from
them. Day after day, week after week passed, and still he did not return.
Notwithstanding the cloud was still in view, it seemed to many in the camp
that their leader had deserted them, or that he had been consumed by the
devouring fire.
During this
period of waiting, there was time for them to meditate upon the law of God
which they had heard, and to prepare their hearts to receive the further
revelations that He might make to them. They had none too much time for
this work; and had they been thus seeking a clearer understanding of God's
requirements, and humbling their hearts before Him, they would have been
shielded from temptation. But they did not do this, and they soon became
careless, inattentive, and lawless. Especially was this the case with the
mixed multitude. They were impatient to be on their way to the Land of
Promise--the land flowing with milk and honey. It was only on condition of
obedience that the goodly land was promised them, but they had lost sight
of this. There were some who suggested a return to Egypt, but whether
forward to Canaan or backward to Egypt, the masses of the people were
determined to wait no longer for Moses.
Feeling their
helplessness in the absence of their leader, they
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returned to their old
superstitions. The "mixed multitude" had been the first to
indulge murmuring and impatience, and they were the leaders in the
apostasy that followed. Among the objects regarded by the Egyptians as
symbols of deity was the ox or calf; and it was at the suggestion of those
who had practiced this form of idolatry in Egypt that a calf was now made
and worshiped. The people desired some image to represent God, and to go
before them in the place of Moses. God had given no manner of similitude
of Himself, and He had prohibited any material representation for such a
purpose. The mighty miracles in Egypt and at the Red Sea were designed to
establish faith in Him as the invisible, all-powerful Helper of Israel,
the only true God. And the desire for some visible manifestation of His
presence had been granted in the pillar of cloud and of fire that guided
their hosts, and in the revealing of His glory upon Mount Sinai. But with
the cloud of the Presence still before them, they turned back in their
hearts to the idolatry of Egypt, and represented the glory of the
invisible God by the similitude of an ox!
In the
absence of Moses, the judicial authority had been delegated to Aaron, and
a vast crowd gathered about his tent, with the demand, "Make us gods,
which shall go before us; for as for this Moses, the man that brought us
up out of the land of Egypt, we wot not what is become of him. The cloud,
they said, that had heretofore led them, now rested permanently upon the
mount; it would no longer direct their travels. They must have an image in
its place; and if, as had been suggested, they should decide to return to
Egypt, they would find favor with the Egyptians by bearing this image
before them and acknowledging it as their god.
Such a crisis
demanded a man of firmness, decision, and unflinching courage; one who
held the honor of God above popular favor, personal safety, or life
itself. But the present leader of Israel was not of this character. Aaron
feebly remonstrated with the people, but his wavering and timidity at the
critical moment only rendered them the more determined. The tumult
increased. A blind, unreasoning frenzy seemed to take possession of the
multitude. There were some who remained true to their covenant with God,
but the greater part of the people joined in the apostasy. A few who
ventured to denounce the proposed image
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making as idolatry, were set upon
and roughly treated, and in the confusion and excitement they finally lost
their lives.
Aaron feared
for his own safety; and instead of nobly standing up for the honor of God,
he yielded to the demands of the multitude. His first act was to direct
that the golden earrings be collected from all the people and brought to
him, hoping that pride would lead them to refuse such a sacrifice. But
they willingly yielded up their ornaments; and from these he made a molten
calf, in imitation of the gods of Egypt. The people proclaimed,
"These be thy gods, O Israel, which brought thee up out of the land
of Egypt." And Aaron basely permitted this insult to Jehovah. He did
more. Seeing with what satisfaction the golden god was received, he built
an altar before it, and made proclamation, "Tomorrow is a feast to
the Lord." The announcement was heralded by trumpeters from company
to company throughout the camp. "And they rose up early on the
morrow, and offered burnt offerings, and brought peace offerings; and the
people sat down to eat and to drink and rose up to play." Under the
pretense of holding "a feast to the Lord," they gave themselves
up to gluttony and licentious reveling.
How often, in
our own day, is the love of pleasure disguised by a "form of
godliness."! A religion that permits men, while observing the rites
of worship, to devote themselves to selfish or sensual gratification, is
as pleasing to the multitudes now as in the days of Israel. And there are
still pliant Aarons, who, while holding positions of authority in the
church, will yield to the desires of the unconsecrated, and thus encourage
them in sin.
Only a few
days had passed since the Hebrews had made a solemn covenant with God to
obey His voice. They had stood trembling with terror before the mount,
listening to the words of the Lord, "Thou shalt have no other gods
before Me." The glory of God still hovered above Sinai in the sight
of the congregation; but they turned away, and asked for other gods.
"They made a calf in Horeb, and worshiped the molten image. Thus they
changed their glory into the similitude of an ox." Psalm 106:19, 20.
How could greater ingratitude have been shown, or more daring insult
offered, to Him who had revealed Himself to them as a tender father and an
all-powerful king!
Moses in the
mount was warned of the apostasy in the camp
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and was directed to return
without delay. "Go, get thee down," were the words of God;
"thy people, which thou broughtest out of the land of Egypt, have
corrupted themselves: they have turned aside quickly out of the way which
I commanded them. They have made them a molten calf, and have worshiped
it." God might have checked the movement at the outset; but He
suffered it to come to this height that He might teach all a lesson in His
punishment of treason and apostasy.
God's
covenant with His people had been disannulled, and He declared to Moses,
"Let Me alone, that My wrath may wax hot against them, and that I may
consume them: and I will make of thee a great nation." The people of
Israel, especially the mixed multitude, would be constantly disposed to
rebel against God. They would also murmur against their leader, and would
grieve him by their unbelief and stubbornness, and it would be a laborious
and soul-trying work to lead them through to the Promised Land. Their sins
had already forfeited the favor of God, and justice called for their
destruction. The Lord therefore proposed to destroy them, and make of
Moses a mighty nation.
"Let Me
alone, . . . that I may consume them," were the words of God. If God
had purposed to destroy Israel, who could plead for them? How few but
would have left the sinners to their fate! How few but would have gladly
exchanged a lot of toil and burden and sacrifice, repaid with ingratitude
and murmuring, for a position of ease and honor, when it was God Himself
that offered the release.
But Moses
discerned ground for hope where there appeared only discouragement and
wrath. The words of God, "Let Me alone," he understood not to
forbid but to encourage intercession, implying that nothing but the
prayers of Moses could save Israel, but that if thus entreated, God would
spare His people. He "besought the Lord his God, and said, Lord, why
doth Thy wrath wax hot against Thy people, which Thou hast brought forth
out of the land of Egypt with great power, and with a mighty hand?"
God had
signified that He disowned His people. He had spoken of them to Moses as "thy
people, which thou broughtest out of Egypt." But Moses
humbly disclaimed the leadership of Israel. They were not his, but God's--
"Thy people, which Thou has brought forth . . . with great
power, and with a mighty
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hand. Wherefore," he urged, "should the
Egyptians speak, and say, For mischief did He bring them out, to slay them
in the mountains, and to consume them from the face of the earth?"
During the
few months since Israel left Egypt, the report of their wonderful
deliverance had spread to all the surrounding nations. Fear and terrible
foreboding rested upon the heathen. All were watching to see what the God
of Israel would do for His people. Should they now be destroyed, their
enemies would triumph, and God would be dishonored. The Egyptians would
claim that their accusations were true--instead of leading His people into
the wilderness to sacrifice, He had caused them to be sacrificed. They
would not consider the sins of Israel; the destruction of the people whom
He had so signally honored, would bring reproach upon His name. How great
the responsibility resting upon those whom God has highly honored, to make
His name a praise in the earth! With what care should they guard against
committing sin, to call down His judgments and cause His name to be
reproached by the ungodly!
As Moses
interceded for Israel, his timidity was lost in his deep interest and love
for those for whom he had, in the hands of God, been the means of doing so
much. The Lord listened to his pleadings, and granted his unselfish
prayer. God had proved His servant; He had tested his faithfulness and his
love for that erring, ungrateful people, and nobly had Moses endured the
trial. His interest in Israel sprang from no selfish motive. The
prosperity of God's chosen people was dearer to him than personal honor,
dearer than the privilege of becoming the father of a mighty nation. God
was pleased with his faithfulness, his simplicity of heart, and his
integrity, and He committed to him, as a faithful shepherd, the great
charge of leading Israel to the Promised Land.
As Moses and
Joshua came down from the mount, the former bearing the "tables of
the testimony," they heard the shouts and outcries of the excited
multitude, evidently in a state of wild uproar. To Joshua the soldier, the
first thought was of an attack from their enemies. "There is a noise
of war in the camp," he said. But Moses judged more truly the nature
of the commotion. The sound was not that of combat, but of revelry.
"It is not the voice of them that shout for mastery, neither is it
the voice of them that cry for being overcome; but the noise of them that
sing do I hear."
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As they drew
near the encampment, they beheld the people shouting and dancing around
their idol. It was a scene of heathen riot, an imitation of the idolatrous
feasts of Egypt; but how unlike the solemn and reverent worship of God!
Moses was overwhelmed. He had just come from the presence of God's glory,
and though he had been warned of what was taking place, he was unprepared
for that dreadful exhibition of the degradation of Israel. His anger was
hot. To show his abhorrence of their crime, he threw down the tables of
stone, and they were broken in the sight of all the people, thus
signifying that as they had broken their covenant with God, so God had
broken His covenant with them.
Entering the
camp, Moses passed through the crowds of revelers, and seizing upon the
idol, cast it into the fire. He afterward ground it to powder, and having
strewed it upon the stream that descended from the mount, he made the
people drink of it. Thus was shown the utter worthlessness of the god
which they had been worshiping.
The great
leader summoned his guilty brother and sternly demanded, "What did
this people unto thee, that thou hast brought so great a sin upon
them?" Aaron endeavored to shield himself by relating the clamors of
the people; that if he had not complied with their wishes, he would have
been put to death. "Let not the anger of my lord wax hot," he
said; "thou knowest the people, that they are set on mischief. For
they said unto me, Make us gods, which shall go before us: for as for this
Moses, the man that brought us up out of the land of Egypt, we wot not
what is become of him. And I said unto them, Whosoever hath any gold, let
them break it off. So they gave it me: then I cast it into the fire, and
there came out this calf." He would lead Moses to believe that a
miracle had been wrought--that the gold had been cast into the fire, and
by supernatural power changed to a calf. But his excuses and
prevarications were of no avail. He was justly dealt with as the chief
offender.
The fact that
Aaron had been blessed and honored so far above the people was what made
his sin so heinous. It was Aaron "the saint of the Lord" (Psalm
106:16), that had made the idol and announced the feast. It was he who had
been appointed as spokesman for Moses, and concerning whom God Himself had
testified, "I know that he can speak well" (Exodus 4:14), that
had failed to check the idolaters in their heaven-daring purpose.
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He by
whom God had wrought in bringing judgments both upon the Egyptians and
upon their gods, had heard unmoved the proclamation before the molten
image, "These be thy gods, O Israel, which brought thee up out of the
land of Egypt." It was he who had been with Moses on the mount, and
had there beheld the glory of the Lord, who had seen that in the
manifestation of that glory there was nothing of which an image could be
made--it was he who had changed that glory into the similitude of an ox.
He to whom God had committed the government of the people in the absence
of Moses, was found sanctioning their rebellion. "The Lord was very
angry with Aaron to have destroyed him." Deuteronomy 9:20. But in
answer to the earnest intercession of Moses, his life was spared; and in
penitence and humiliation for his great sin, he was restored to the favor
of God.
If Aaron had
had courage to stand for the right, irrespective of consequences, he could
have prevented that apostasy. If he had unswervingly maintained his own
allegiance to God, if he had cited the people to the perils of Sinai, and
had reminded them of their solemn covenant with God to obey His law, the
evil would have been checked. But his compliance with the desires of the
people and the calm assurance with which he proceeded to carry out their
plans, emboldened them to go to greater lengths in sin than had before
entered their minds.
When Moses,
on returning to the camp, confronted the rebels, his severe rebukes and
the indignation he displayed in breaking the sacred tables of the law were
contrasted by the people with his brother's pleasant speech and dignified
demeanor, and their sympathies were with Aaron. To justify himself, Aaron
endeavored to make the people responsible for his weakness in yielding to
their demand; but notwithstanding this, they were filled with admiration
of his gentleness and patience. But God seeth not as man sees. Aaron's
yielding spirit and his desire to please had blinded his eyes to the
enormity of the crime he was sanctioning. His course in giving his
influence to sin in Israel cost the life of thousands. In what contrast
with this was the course of Moses, who, while faithfully executing God's
judgments, showed that the welfare of Israel was dearer to him than
prosperity or honor or life.
Of all the
sins that God will punish, none are more grievous in His sight than those
that encourage others to do evil. God
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would have His servants prove their
loyalty by faithfully rebuking transgression, however painful the act may
be. Those who are honored with a divine commission are not to be weak,
pliant time-servers. They are not to aim at self-exaltation, or to shun
disagreeable duties, but to perform God's work with unswerving fidelity.
Though God
had granted the prayer of Moses in sparing Israel from destruction, their
apostasy was to be signally punished. The lawlessness and insubordination
into which Aaron had permitted them to fall, if not speedily crushed,
would run riot in wickedness, and would involve the nation in
irretrievable ruin. By terrible severity the evil must be put away.
Standing in the gate of the camp, Moses called to the people, "Who is
on the Lord's side? let him come unto me." Those who had not joined
in the apostasy were to take their position at the right of Moses; those
who were guilty but repentant, at the left. The command was obeyed. It was
found that the tribe of Levi had taken no part in the idolatrous worship.
From among other tribes there were great numbers who, although they had
sinned, now signified their repentance. But a large company, mostly of the
mixed multitude that instigated the making of the calf, stubbornly
persisted in their rebellion. In the name of "the Lord God of
Israel," Moses now commanded those upon his right hand, who had kept
themselves clear of idolatry, to gird on their swords and slay all who
persisted in rebellion. "And there fell of the people that day about
three thousand men." Without regard to position, kindred, or
friendship, the ringleaders in wickedness were cut off; but all who
repented and humbled themselves were spared.
Those who
performed this terrible work of judgment were acting by divine authority,
executing the sentence of the King of heaven. Men are to beware how they,
in their human blindness, judge and condemn their fellow men; but when God
commands them to execute His sentence upon iniquity, He is to be obeyed.
Those who performed this painful act, thus manifested their abhorrence of
rebellion and idolatry, and consecrated themselves more fully to the
service of the true God. The Lord honored their faithfulness by bestowing
special distinction upon the tribe of Levi.
The
Israelites had been guilty of treason, and that against a King who had
loaded them with benefits and whose authority they had voluntarily pledged
themselves to obey. That the divine
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government might be maintained justice
must be visited upon the traitors. Yet even here God's mercy was
displayed. While He maintained His law, He granted freedom of choice and
opportunity for repentance to all. Only those were cut off who persisted
in rebellion.
It was
necessary that this sin should be punished, as a testimony to surrounding
nations of God's displeasure against idolatry. By executing justice upon
the guilty, Moses, as God's instrument, must leave on record a solemn and
public protest against their crime. As the Israelites should hereafter
condemn the idolatry of the neighboring tribes, their enemies would throw
back upon them the charge that the people who claimed Jehovah as their God
had made a calf and worshiped it in Horeb. Then though compelled to
acknowledge the disgraceful truth, Israel could point to the terrible fate
of the transgressors, as evidence that their sin had not been sanctioned
or excused.
Love no less
than justice demanded that for this sin judgment should be inflicted. God
is the guardian as well as the sovereign of His people. He cuts off those
who are determined upon rebellion, that they may not lead others to ruin.
In sparing the life of Cain, God had demonstrated to the universe what
would be the result of permitting sin to go unpunished. The influence
exerted upon his descendants by his life and teaching led to the state of
corruption that demanded the destruction of the whole world by a flood.
The history of the antediluvians testifies that long life is not a
blessing to the sinner; God's great forbearance did not repress their
wickedness. The longer men lived, the more corrupt they became.
So with the
apostasy at Sinai. Unless punishment had been speedily visited upon
transgression, the same results would again have been seen. The earth
would have become as corrupt as in the days of Noah. Had these
transgressors been spared, evils would have followed, greater than
resulted from sparing the life of Cain. It was the mercy of God that
thousands should suffer, to prevent the necessity of visiting judgments
upon millions. In order to save the many, He must punish the few.
Furthermore, as the people had cast off their allegiance to God, they had
forfeited the divine protection, and, deprived of their defense, the whole
nation was exposed to the power of their enemies. Had not the evil been
promptly put away, they would soon have fallen a prey to their numerous
and powerful foes. It was necessary
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for the good of Israel, and also as a
lesson to all succeeding generations, that crime should be promptly
punished. And it was no less a mercy to the sinners themselves that they
should be cut short in their evil course. Had their life been spared, the
same spirit that led them to rebel against God would have been manifested
in hatred and strife among themselves, and they would eventually have
destroyed one another. It was in love to the world, in love to Israel, and
even to the transgressors, that crime was punished with swift and terrible
severity.
As the people
were roused to see the enormity of their guilt, terror pervaded the entire
encampment. It was feared that every offender was to be cut off. Pitying
their distress, Moses promised to plead once more with God for them.
"Ye have
sinned a great sin," he said, "and now I will go up unto the
Lord; peradventure I shall make an atonement for your sin." He went,
and in his confession before God he said, "Oh, this people have
sinned a great sin, and have made them gods of gold. Yet now if Thou wilt
forgive their sin--; and if not, blot me, I pray Thee, out of Thy book
which Thou hast written." The answer was, "Whosoever hath sinned
against Me, him will I blot out of My book. Therefore now go, lead the
people into the place of which I have spoken unto thee: behold, Mine Angel
shall go before thee: nevertheless, in the day when I visit, I will visit
their sin upon them."
In the prayer
of Moses our minds are directed to the heavenly records in which the names
of all men are inscribed, and their deeds, whether good or evil, are
faithfully registered. The book of life contains the names of all who have
ever entered the service of God. If any of these depart from Him, and by
stubborn persistence in sin become finally hardened against the influences
of His Holy Spirit, their names will in the judgment be blotted from the
book of life, and they themselves will be devoted to destruction. Moses
realized how dreadful would be the fate of the sinner; yet if the people
of Israel were to be rejected by the Lord, he desired his name to be
blotted out with theirs; he could not endure to see the judgments of God
fall upon those who had been so graciously delivered. The intercession of
Moses in behalf of Israel illustrates the mediation of Christ for sinful
men. But the Lord did not permit Moses to bear, as did Christ, the guilt
of the transgressor. "Whosoever
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hath sinned against Me," He
said, "him will I blot out of My book."
In deep
sadness the people had buried their dead. Three thousand had fallen by the
sword; a plague had soon after broken out in the encampment; and now the
message came to them that the divine Presence would no longer accompany
them in their journeyings. Jehovah had declared, "I will not go up in
the midst of thee; for thou art a stiffnecked people: lest I consume thee
in the way." And the command was given, "Put off thy ornaments
from thee, that I may know what to do unto thee." Now there was
mourning throughout the encampment. In penitence and humiliation "the
children of Israel stripped themselves of their ornaments by the mount
Horeb."
By the divine
direction the tent that had served as a temporary place of worship was
removed "afar off from the camp." This was still further
evidence that God had withdrawn His presence from them. He would reveal
Himself to Moses, but not to such a people. The rebuke was keenly felt,
and to the conscience-smitten multitudes it seemed a foreboding of greater
calamity. Had not the Lord separated Moses from the camp that He might
utterly destroy them? But they were not left without hope. The tent was
pitched without the encampment, but Moses called it "the tabernacle
of the congregation." All who were truly penitent, and desired to
return to the Lord, were directed to repair thither to confess their sins
and seek His mercy. When they returned to their tents Moses entered the
tabernacle. With agonizing interest the people watched for some token that
his intercessions in their behalf were accepted. If God should condescend
to meet with him, they might hope that they were not to be utterly
consumed. When the cloudy pillar descended, and stood at the entrance of
the tabernacle, the people wept for joy, and they "rose up and
worshiped, every man in his tent door."
Moses knew
well the perversity and blindness of those who were placed under his care;
he knew the difficulties with which he must contend. But he had learned
that in order to prevail with the people, he must have help from God. He
pleaded for a clearer revelation of God's will and for an assurance of His
presence: "See, Thou sayest unto me, Bring up this people: and Thou
hast not let me know whom Thou wilt send with me. Yet Thou
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hast said, I
know thee by name, and thou hast also found grace in My sight. Now
therefore, I pray Thee, if I have found grace in Thy sight, show me now
Thy way, that I may know Thee, that I may find grace in Thy sight: and
consider that this nation is Thy people."
The answer
was, "My presence shall go with thee, and I will give thee
rest." But Moses was not yet satisfied. There pressed upon his soul a
sense of the terrible results should God leave Israel to hardness and
impenitence. He could not endure that his interests should be separated
from those of his brethren, and he prayed that the favor of God might be
restored to His people, and that the token of His presence might continue
to direct their journeyings: "If Thy presence go not with me, carry
us not up hence. For wherein shall it be known here that I and Thy people
have found grace in Thy sight? is it not in that Thou goest with us? So
shall we be separated, I and Thy people, from all the people that are upon
the face of the earth."
And the Lord
said, "I will do this thing also that thou hast spoken: for thou hast
found grace in My sight, and I know thee by name." Still the prophet
did not cease pleading. Every prayer had been answered, but he thirsted
for greater tokens of God's favor. He now made a request that no human
being had ever made before: "I beseech Thee, show me Thy glory."
God did not
rebuke his request as presumptuous; but the gracious words were spoken,
"I will make all My goodness pass before thee." The unveiled
glory of God, no man in this mortal state can look upon and live; but
Moses was assured that he should behold as much of the divine glory as he
could endure. Again he was summoned to the mountain summit; then the hand
that made the world, that hand that "removeth the mountains, and they
know not" (Job 9:5), took this creature of the dust, this mighty man
of faith, and placed him in a cleft of the rock, while the glory of God
and all His goodness passed before him.
This
experience--above all else the promise that the divine Presence would
attend him--was to Moses an assurance of success in the work before him;
and he counted it of infinitely greater worth than all the learning of
Egypt or all his attainments as a statesman or a military leader. No
earthly power or skill or learning can supply the place of God's abiding
presence.
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To the
transgressor it is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living
God; but Moses stood alone in the presence of the Eternal One, and he was
not afraid; for his soul was in harmony with the will of his Maker. Says
the psalmist, "If I regard iniquity in my heart, the Lord will not
hear me." Psalm 66:18. But "the secret of the Lord is with them
that fear Him; and He will show them His covenant." Psalm 25:14.
The Deity
proclaimed Himself, "The Lord, The Lord God, merciful and gracious,
long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth, keeping mercy for
thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and that will by
no means clear the guilty."
"Moses
made haste, and bowed his head toward the earth, and worshiped."
Again he entreated that God would pardon the iniquity of His people, and
take them for His inheritance. His prayer was granted. The Lord graciously
promised to renew His favor to Israel, and in their behalf to do marvels
such as had not been done "in all the earth, nor in any nation."
Forty days
and nights Moses remained in the mount; and during all this time, as at
the first, he was miraculously sustained. No man had been permitted to go
up with him, nor during the time of his absence were any to approach the
mount. At God's command he had prepared two tables of stone, and had taken
them with him to the summit; and again the Lord "wrote upon the
tables the words of the covenant, the Ten Commandments."
During that
long time spent in communion with God, the face of Moses had reflected the
glory of the divine Presence; unknown to himself his face shown with a
dazzling light when he descended from the mountain. Such a light illumined
the countenance of Stephen when brought before his judges; "and all
that sat in the council, looking steadfastly on him, saw his face as it
had been the face of an angel." Acts 6:15. Aaron as well as the
people shrank away from Moses, and "they were afraid to come nigh
him." Seeing their confusion and terror, but ignorant of the cause,
he urged them to come near. He held out to them the pledge of God's
reconciliation, and assured them of His restored favor. They perceived in
his voice nothing but love and entreaty, and at last one ventured to
approach him. Too awed to speak, he silently pointed to the countenance of
Moses, and then toward
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heaven. The great leader understood his meaning. In
their conscious guilt, feeling themselves still under the divine
displeasure, they could not endure the heavenly light, which, had they
been obedient to God, would have filled them with joy. There is fear in
guilt. The soul that is free from sin will not wish to hide from the light
of heaven.
Moses had
much to communicate to them; and compassionating their fear, he put a veil
upon his face, and continued to do so thereafter whenever he returned to
the camp from communion with God.
By this
brightness God designed to impress upon Israel the sacred, exalted
character of His law, and the glory of the gospel revealed through Christ.
While Moses was in the mount, God presented to him, not only the tables of
the law, but also the plan of salvation. He saw that the sacrifice of
Christ was pre-figured by all the types and symbols of the Jewish age; and
it was the heavenly light streaming from Calvary, no less than the glory
of the law of God, that shed such a radiance upon the face of Moses. That
divine illumination symbolized the glory of the dispensation of which
Moses was the visible mediator, a representative of the one true
Intercessor.
The glory
reflected in the countenance of Moses illustrates the blessings to be
received by God's commandment-keeping people through the mediation of
Christ. It testifies that the closer our communion with God, and the
clearer our knowledge of His requirements, the more fully shall we be
conformed to the divine image, and the more readily do we become partakers
of the divine nature.
Moses was a
type of Christ. As Israel's intercessor veiled his countenance, because
the people could not endure to look upon its glory, so Christ, the divine
Mediator, veiled His divinity with humanity when He came to earth. Had He
come clothed with the brightness of heaven, he could not have found access
to men in their sinful state. They could not have endured the glory of His
presence. Therefore He humbled Himself, and was made "in the likeness
of sinful flesh (Romans 8:3), that He might reach the fallen race, and
lift them up.
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